There are many kinds of common parts in machining, such as gear parts, box parts, shaft parts, spring parts, etc. these parts have different applications, different performance requirements, and different materials. By reasonably selecting materials to manufacture different types of parts, better use effects and better economic benefits can be achieved. Then, what materials are the common parts in machining made of?

1. Gear parts

Gear is one of the most widely used parts in all kinds of machinery and instruments. Its role is to transfer power, change the speed and direction of motion.

Most of the gear materials are rigid (forged steel and cast steel). Some low-speed gears for open transmission can be cast iron, and non-ferrous metals and engineering plastics can also be used in special cases. (gears are generally used after heat treatment, so medium carbon steel or alloy steel should be selected.)

2. Box type parts

The box support is the basic part of the machine. The box is generally complex in shape, large in volume, and has the characteristics of thin hollow wall.

Generally, cast iron and cast steel are used for the selection of box materials. For the box with simple structure and small production batch, in order to reduce the weight, various low carbon steel profiles can also be assembled into welded parts.

3. Shaft parts

The function of the shaft is to support rotating parts and transmit power or motion. Shaft parts are one of the important parts of various machines such as machine tools and automobiles. Shaft parts are generally designed and selected according to strength, stiffness calculation and structural requirements.

The materials for manufacturing shaft parts are mainly various structural steels (such as 45, 40Cr, 38CrMoAl and 20Cr), and stainless steel, non-ferrous metals and even plastics are also used in special occasions. In recent years, ductile iron and high-strength cast iron (such as ht350 and ktz550-06) have been increasingly used as materials for manufacturing shafts, such as internal combustion engine crankshafts and common machine tool spindles.

4. Spring parts

Spring is an important part of various machinery and instruments, which is mainly used for shock absorption of various machines (such as support spring of crusher and suspension spring of vehicle), reserve of mechanical energy (such as spring in instrument) and control of movement (such as valve, clutch and brake).

The spring makes use of the elasticity and structural characteristics of the material to elastically deform under the action of external force and convert mechanical energy or kinetic energy into deformation energy. After the external force is removed, the elastic deformation recovers and converts the deformation energy into mechanical energy or kinetic energy.

The materials used for manufacturing springs are mainly medium carbon carbon steel and alloy steel. There are mainly carbon spring steel, manganese spring steel, silicon manganese spring steel, chromium vanadium spring steel, silicon chromium spring steel, tungsten chromium vanadium spring steel, etc.